Psychologist Theories free essay sample

Despite the fact that nature and sustain impact human conduct, nature and support cooperate similarly in the advancement of human conduct in light of the fact that both hereditary qualities and ecological impacts influence the result of a people conduct or potentially character, while neither one nor the other characteristics can without any help decide ones conduct as well as character. The inquiry that has been contemplated upon for a long time is which of the two (nature or sustain) are increasingly compelling? To delineate: In searching for the reasons for singular contrasts in insight, a significant issue is the overall commitment of hereditary qualities and condition. 100% Genetics(Nature)90% Gen. 80% Gen. 70% Gen. 60% Gen. 50-5060% Env. 70% Env. 80% Env. 90% Env. 100% Environ. (Support) Rate the degree to which you accept nature and nature impact (cause) human insight. (Ridley, 1999) There is an inquiry with respect to how nature and support impact conduct. All since the beginning therapists have been attempting to make sense of which of the two, nature or sustain, impact the advancement of human conduct or potentially character more and on account of this specific inquiry clinicians started to do escalated research. They did this by concentrating every one of the two speculations independently. One analyst, Plato, battled nature while the other, Aristotle, crusaded support. The examinations started with nature. Nature is characterized as the heredity or organic make-up that impacts the result of ones conduct or potentially character. Nature can likewise be characterized as a people inborn characteristics. A few clinicians, similar to Plato, recommend that people begin in existence with some measure of information. Nature furnishes us with capacities and qualities like eye and hair shading, skin shading, and knowledge that is controlled by specific qualities that are implanted in every cell in the human body. Once more, numerous therapists, similar to Plato, accept that hereditary qualities eventually assume praise for the subsequent human conduct. Then again sustain is Nature v. Support 3 characterized as the natural factors that impact the result of ones conduct and additionally character. Support can likewise be characterized as ones individual encounters. A few analysts, for example, Aristotle, recommend that people begin in existence with no information, however information is increased through life encounters. These clinicians accept how a kid or individual is raised emphatically impacts human conduct. Numerous therapists, similar to Aristotle, accept that human conduct and additionally character is a result of the earth. While every youngster is brought into the world with their own unmistakable hereditary potential for physical, social, passionate and psychological turn of events, the opportunities for arriving at that potential stay attached to early beneficial encounters and the parent-kid relationship inside the family. (Weissbourd, Bernice; Grimm, Carol). To delineate so measurements have been given gratitude to an analyst named Ridley (1999): â€Å"Concordance paces of IQ scores  ·Evidence from family examines gives the principle supporting proof from which contentions about the overall jobs of hereditary qualities and con dition are developed. An enormous number of the investigation of twins raised separated was attempted by Thomas Bouchard of the University of Minnesota beginning in 1979. He â€Å"collected† sets of isolated twins from everywhere throughout the world and rejoined them while testing their characters and IQs. Different examinations at he same time focused on contrasting the IQs of received individuals and those of their embraced guardians and their natural guardians or their kin. Set up every one of these examinations, which incorporate the IQ trial of a huge number of people, and the table resembles this: Same individual tried twice 87%  ·Identical twins raised together 86%  ·Identical twins raised separated 76%  ·Fraternal twins raised together 55%  ·Biological kin raised together 47% (contemplates show that raised separated about 24%)  ·Parents and kids living respectively 40%  ·Parents and youngsters living separated 31%  ·Adopted kids living respectively 0% Nature v. Sustain 4  ·Unrelated individuals living separated 0% â€Å". Ridley, 1999, p. 83 [The number is a rate connection . Join segment from Ridley’s book There are numerous components for both nature and support that add to the improvement of human conduct. It has been accepted that family ancestry, genotypes, and additionally heritability undoubtedly (which would all be able to be influenced by qualities) can foreordain human conduct. A genotype can be characterized as a people hereditary legacy and heritability can be characterized as the degree to which fluctuation in a trademark inside a gathering can be credited to heredity. Qualities have an immediate association with physical turn of events. The inquiry is what amount of an impact do medical issues, which are credited to nature, have on the improvement of human conduct? Also, physiological elements like synapses, mind structures, and hormones are affected by qualities. Then again do beneficial encounters or natural factors at last choose the result of human turn of events? There are a few scholars that accept ecological factors alone fate human conduct. These scholars utilize the phenotype to help their case. he phenotype can be characterized as the unmistakable articulation of a people hereditary legacy, which may likewise show the impact of the earth. Truth be told, sustains impacts originate from components, for example, more distant families and peer(s) encounters, parental, pre-birth, financial status, media, and promoting. So what amount of an impact do natural elements have on human conduct? A youngster is brought into the world with the possibl e capacity to learn Chinese or Swahili, play a kazoo, climb a tree, make a strudel or an aviary, enjoy finding the directions of a star. Hereditary legacy decides a child’s capacities and shortcomings. In any case, the individuals who bring up a youngster consider forward from that network the attributes and abilities they think about significant. (Buchwald, Emilie). Kids missing their dads will in general spotlight more on the medias predisposition of the male job rather the being uncovered the supporting potential that the job may pass on. (Gordon, 2004). To show: Correlation of youngster parent verbal capacity scores. Nature v. Support 5 This diagram shows connections among's kids and their folks and received youngsters and their natural and new parents on verbal capacity scores. Heritability insight It must be noted, nonetheless, that heritability isn't unadulterated hereditary impact as the pre and postnatal conditions must be considered. Heritability gauges dependent on looking at relationships between's IQs of monozygotic (indistinguishable) twins raised along with IQs of dizygotic (brotherly) twins and kin are probably going to overestimate the hereditary part in light of the fact that monozygotic twins share increasingly comparable situations both in the belly and out Nature v. Support 6  ·twins raised separated are not doled out indiscriminately to encourage or new parents since homes are chosen deliberately to as to qualities of he youngster and attributes of the family. This would mostly represent the IQ connections credited to legacy  ·twin studies may not be generalizable to the populace everywhere as twins are increasingly powerless to pre-birth injury prompting hindrance. The consideration of hindered cases may expand the twin relationship in insight test scores. heritability lists allude to the populace on which they were found at that point and isn't pertinent to an examination of test execution between two populace bunches e. . ethnic gatherings.  ·heritability doesn't show how much a characteristic can be changed e. g. regardless of whether the heritability of a characteristic, similar to insight were seen as 100% it wouldn’t mean it couldnt be changed. (Anastasi Urbina, 1997). Subsequent to auditing the pervious data presence of mind focuses on the realities that for sure nature and support must coincide and cooperate in the presence of human conduct. In view of these realities analysts have started to contemplate conduct hereditary qualities. Social hereditary qualities can be characterized as the investigation of the impacts of heredity and beneficial encounters on conduct. Nature alone can't decide the result of human conduct or potentially character. Studies have demonstrated that hereditary qualities alone don't decide or fate medical issues and that ecological variables assume a job in the anticipation or absence of avoidance towards medical issues or issues. What's more, it is demonstrated that nature exist since babies are brought into the world with the capacity to communicate or convey ( in their own particular manner and language) that they need something or that something isn't right. This backings the hypothesis, that Plato crusaded, there must be some measure of information present during childbirth that gives verification of natures presence. Similarly, support alone can't decide the result of human conduct. Ecological factors alone can't support human conduct. Not just ecological variables as well as life encounters add to the measure of information picked up in human conduct. For example, the infant from birth that is furnished with some sum information, the child should likewise so get the hang of during its life expectancy. Beneficial encounters, for example, trails and tribulations, child rearing styles, living game plans just work alongside the nature factors gave. Nature, we are beginning to acknowledge, is just as significant as sustain. Hereditary impacts, cerebrum science, and neurological advancement contribute emphatically to who we are as kids and what we become as grown-ups. For instance, Nature v. Support 7 inclinations to over the top stressing or bashfulness, initiative characteristics, hazard taking, acquiescence to power, all seem to have a protected perspective. (Turecki, Stanley). Similarly, The hypothesis, additionally called interactionism or dynamic developmentalism, recommends that attributes are brought about by a course of different fa

Wonder Woman Comics: History and Development

Marvel Woman Comics: History and Development Marvel Woman Costume For more than 60 years, Wonder Woman has filled the pages of her magazine with experiences going from engaging Nazis, to declawing human-like Cheetahs. Her endeavors excited and enlivened numerous little youngsters, including Gloria Steinem. Through the entirety of this, she has needed to steer her imperceptible stream through domains that her male partners have never needed to. She is continually pulled in two ways; her accounts must be engaging and none threatening to the male the norm, while at the same time promoting her as the first image of Girl Power. She is lauded for being a symbol of solidarity to ladies all over the place, however chastised for wearing a scanty outfit and tying men up, as though she were close to a male dream. No comic book character has needed to suffer as much examination as Wonder Woman. That is on the grounds that Wonder Woman speaks to a whole sex, during a period of significant social motion. In spite of the fact that she was made by a man to impact a male crowd, Wonder Woman has developed into a significant image of the women's activist development. An Amazon is conceived Not long after Superman showed up in 1939, a prominent analyst by the name of William Moulton Marston composed an article in Family Circle magazine, lauding comic books. As indicated by Les Daniels in Wonder Woman: The Complete History (Chronicle Books, 2000, pp. 22-24), his article grabbed the attention of M.C. Increases of DC Comics. Additions was so intrigued by the article, he employed Marston into another situation at DC Comics. Inside a year, at the asking of his significant other, Marston set out to make a female superhuman. By February 1941, Marston turned in his first content for ‘Suprema: The Wonder Woman.’(We owe an obligation of gratitude to whoever dropped the Suprema.) Marston made a one of a kind courageous woman, in light of on Greek Mythology. Diana was the Princess of Paradise Island, a supernatural spot occupied by Amazons. Her mom, Hippolyte (some of the time alluded to as Hippolyta), Queen of the Amazons, needed a kid and appealed to the Goddesses of Olympus to give her one. She was told to shape a kid from mud. At the point when she was done, the goddesses instilled the sculpture with life. Diana was raised as the princess of her country, until one day, an airplane carting one Steve Trevor smashed away the shores of the island. Diana safeguarded him and breast fed him back to wellbeing. The Goddesses announced a challenge ought to be held to discover an Amazon champion to return Trevor to the United States and furthermore help with the war exertion. As the princess, Diana was prohibited to participate in the challenge by her mom, the Queen. Diana camouflaged herself and won. Hesitantly, Hippolyte granted Diana the ensemble of the boss and sent her on her way, and a legend was conceived. Marston had said his point with Wonder Woman was to impact a male crowd with the idea that females could be similarly as incredible as men, using their own blessings. A reoccurring subject is the strength of ladies over men, by instructing them cherishing accommodation. Actually the early issues of Wonder Woman quite often contained scenes of subjugation. Miracle Womans one shortcoming was to have her wristbands binded together by a man. Many, numerous men exploited that. Since he was in the group that built up the principal polygraph, Marston gave Wonder Woman an enchantment tether that would empower her to extricate reality from its casualty or make them helpless to her proposals. Obviously, they must be tied up. On the off chance that Wonder Woman wasnt tied up, she was occupied with binds another person to do her offering. At the point when you consolidate that with an enchanting outfit, (The ensemble made such an excitement, DC Comics proofreader, Dorothy Roubicek composed an up date to Gains recommending the ensemble be given an increasingly Greek tunic look. (Daniels, pp. 62-63)) the early Wonder Woman puts on a show of being a fetishistic dream. That might be probably the most compelling motivation it was such tremendous accomplishment with a male crowd. Craftsman H.G. Subside represented Wonder Woman for Marstons whole residency on the book. In spite of the fact that he was required to outline Wonder Woman in servitude themes and other various capers, his specialty was not excessively sexual. This was one of the components which set up Wonder Woman among female fans. She was solid and athletic, however without a stunning self-perception. A large number of her undertakings set her in opposition to a genuine foe, the Nazis. This was World War II, all things considered, and ladies were dong their part to help the war exertion. Marvel Woman was an image of the development of ladies in dynamic jobs. Yet, even before the war was finished, Marston started presenting costumed miscreants. Strikingly enough most were female. Dr. Toxin, the absolute initially costumed reprobate, was really a Japanese princess, masked as a man. As her Rogues Gallery developed, it turned out to be increasingly populated with ladies, than men; The Cheetah, Queen Clea, and Giganta, just to give some examples. It appeared that Wonder Woman would be consigned to battling her own sexual orientation. It was another way that she could be deciphered as ground-breaking, without upsetting the norm. She was infrequently observed as somebody who could overwhelm a solid male scoundrel. Miracle Woman continued to be a significant image in those early days. She was the main female hero in the Justice Society of America (A harbinger of the Justice League of America), in spite of the fact that she was consigned to the workplace of secretary. Once more, it was an enormous step while being docile to the male saints in the book. You can nearly observe her serving espresso at JSA gatherings. Her magazine appeared a reinforcement include called Wonder Women of History in which a significant female chronicled figure was profiled. It appeared that the goal of her being an image of women's liberation were there, while the activities of the tales painted an alternate, progressively sexual picture. This is a logical inconsistency that endures even into today. The Silver Age After Marstons passing, Robert Kanigher assumed control over the obligations on Wonder Woman. In an uncommon event, Kanigher filled in as both author and editorial manager for more than 20 years. Gone were the Nazis, and a considerable lot of Wonder Womans unique enemies. In their place, Kanigher started composing stories fixated on Wonder Womans sentimental life. In Sensation Comics #97 (May-June 1950), Wonder Woman turns into the sentiment proofreader of a womens magazine. Rather than fighting malice miscreants, Wonder Woman herself turned into the focal point of contention, as characters like Bird-Man and Mer-Man competed for the expressions of love of the Amazon Princess. Different occasions, she would have an entire story committed to disclosing to poor Steve Trevor that they couldn't wed until her administrations as a saint were not, at this point required. It appeared that Wonder Woman had been consigned to the job of the lady fighting off various admirers, as though she were a southern beauty. It is fascinating to take note of that during this time, Wonder Women of History was supplanted with a component considered Marriage in the current style, praising the marriage customs of various societies. Miracle Woman of the 1950s was in a motion, much the same as American ladies. They had been approached to do their part during the war, yet when the men returned home, the time had come to return into the kitchen. The issue was most ladies understood an undiscovered potential to be in excess of a spouse and mother. This would appear as current women's liberation in the following decade. It must be called attention to that the vast majority of the supporting cast was comprised of other ladies; (Hippolyte, different Amazons, and even a more youthful adaptation of Wonder Woman, Wonder Girl) however the tales were as yet fixated on marriage and beaus. The creative group of Ross Andru and Mike Esposito climbed Wonder Womans star-radiant shorts a piece, yet at the same time the craftsmanship was deferential to the female body. No overwhelming bosoms or pencil meager abdomens. Miracle Woman had an athletic form and was viewed as graceful. A Change Will Do You Good 1968 was an intriguing year for our Amazing Amazon. After Kanighers takeoff, Editorial Director Carmine Infantino doled out author Dennis ONeil and penciller Mike Sekowsky to the title. At the point when another essayist is appointed to a title, the heading of the character generally moves, yet nobody could foresee the bearing ONeil and group were going to take. What they were doing in Wonder Woman, I didnt perceive how a child, male or female, could identify with it. It was so far expelled from their reality, reviewed ONeil. (Daniels p. 125) His answer was to expel Wonder Womans powers, adequately putting an ordinary female out into the world to battle for her self. Gone were the enchantment rope, impenetrable wristbands, and imperceptible fly. Miracle Woman was presently furnished in mod 60s garments and joined forces with an Asian coach, I Ching. She depended on hand to hand fighting rather than Amazon quality. ONeil accepted that by making her a typical individual battling in a remarkable world, she would be a progressively reasonable women's activist image. Numerous individuals concurred and deals soar. Marvel Woman was kept toward this path for just about two years before a conspicuous women's activist took an enemy of de-controlled Wonder Woman position: Gloria Steinem. In July of 1972, Steinems new magazine, Ms. hit the newspaper kiosks with a natural face on the spread. Underneath a standard that read Wonder Woman for President was a rendering of Wonder Woman, in her conventional outfit. Writer Joanne Edgar took up two pages of the head issue to censure the progressions made to Wonder Woman, and to guarantee perusers that Wonder Woman would come back to her foundations in 1973. Steinem additionally composed the forward to a hardcover assortment of Marston-period Wonder Woman stories, and accepted the open door to upbraid the progressions herself. Steinem and others felt that by burglarizing Wonder Woman of her forces and devices, they had debilitated a significant image. She was not, at this point a one of a kind individual. It could likewise be proposed that in light of the fact that the thought originated from a man, that it was an endeavor by guys to nullify a lady as an incredible power. It appeared that Wonder Woman had been received by the w omen's activist development as an amazing image of what a lady could yearn for. It is likely

The Broke Persons Guide to Finding an Apartment

The Broke Persons Guide to Finding an Apartment The Broke Persons Guide to Finding an Apartment The Broke Persons Guide to Finding an ApartmentYou might not have noticed this, but housing is super expensive! Thats downsizing to a more affordable place could be the key to unlocking your financial future.Look, you have to live somewhere. But living somewhere gets expensive! Assuming you’re renting an apartment, you’ll likely be paying a lot, if not most, of your paycheck to rent each month.On the upside, that means finding a more affordable apartment could leave you with lots more money to spend on other necessitiesand placing you in a much better financial situation overall. Goodbye payday loans and title loans, hello occasional fancy dinner!But even the process of finding an apartment can be costly; how can you save money on the process as well as the apartment itself? If only there was some sort of Broke Person’s Guide to Finding an Apartment.Well, there is, and you’re reading it, buddy! Put together an honest budget.The first step of searching for an apartment is mak ing a true, accurate, and honest assessment of your budget. You may be tempted to overestimate; after all, the more you can spend on an apartment, the greater your range of options will be and the less frustrating a search you will have. (And as anyone who has ever looked for an apartment knows, the search can very quickly become frustrating.)Despite all that, you’ll be much better off in the long run if you have a budget you know you can stick to. Then you just have to actually, you know, stick to it.“Be honest about your budget,” recommended Emily McCrary-Ruiz-Esparza, brand editor at House Method (@House_Method). “I once negotiated my own rent down a hundred dollars a month because I let the landlord know exactly what my housing budget was. They were understanding and helpful and met me there.Keep in mind, though, that you shouldnt expect any landlord to come down significantlyâ€"it would be disrespectful to ask for a significant cut. They need to make this a profitable v enture, after all.”Traditionally, the 30 percent rule has been one way to budget for an apartment. That is, take 30 percent of what you make in a month and set that as your rent limit. However, while this could be a decent starting point, everyone’s situation is different, and you should really take stock of how difficult it’ll be month-to-month before committing to a certain budget.Never made a budget before? Then check out our Beginners Guide to Budgeting.Roomies.Roommates have been around for a long time. Ever since more than caveperson chose to live in the same cave so they’d have more rocks to spend each month, people have chosen to live together so they can make their budgets work.“Get roommates,” suggested Michael Chadwick (@michaelbchadwick), licensed real estate salesperson with Citihabitats (@CitiHabitats). “If your income is on the low side, use a roommate matching service like Koala Roomie or join Facebook groups like Gypsy Housing.While it may be impossibl e to get a studio in the location you want to live in, sometimes having just 1 roommate can make all the difference.”In fact, getting a roommate is such an effective way to save on rent, Chadwick wasn’t the only one who suggested it.“Get roommates,” realtor Eric Sztanyo (@Manyo3) told us. “This may be the top money saving tip. Getting roommates and an apartment with more rooms is almost always going to be more affordable than buying a single bedroom by yourself.You can save hundreds of dollars every single month by sharing the space. Now, roommates always making a living situation a bit trickier, but this is a great money saving tip.”Decide if you want to work with a realtor.This is another one of those questions that will depend on your situation. Some realtors take their fee from the landlord, so you won’t have to pay to use their services.Even if the realtor will charge you a fee, they may still have arrangements with the landlord or rental company that will allow y ou to get a lower monthly rent and save overall.You’ll just have to see what makes sense for your specific situation and location.Consider amenities.While amenities may drive up the cost of an apartment, it can also save money in the long run.“Find an apartment with amenities that cut out or reduce other monthly expenses,” advised Aaron Hockel, vice president of Property Manager Insider, which recently released an apartment guide for the new year.“The biggest cost-cutter is usually a solid fitness center, which replaces a gym membership. In-unit laundry is another amenity that helps save a surprising amount of money on a monthly basis.If the combined savings of these two amenities is $100 a month, that money can be budgeted toward the higher rent of a nicer apartment.”All in the timing.You can’t always choose when you’ll need to find an apartment. But you’ll be able to save a significant amount on rent if you can choose when you’re planning to sign a lease, whether that means adjusting a moving date or subletting in between moves.“Look for a new place in the offseason,” recommended McCrary-Ruiz-Esparza. “For most property owners, new business slows between October and February.If you look for a new apartment in the slow season when landlords are eager to fill empty spaces, you may be able to take advantage of discounts or negotiate your rent down more easily.”Look everywhere!Don’t just keep to the standard Craigslist or rental site searches. The wider your search, the more options you’ll have.“Check graduate school pages,” McCrary-Ruiz-Esparza told us. “Student services and relocation pages for graduate schools will often list preferred and affordable apartments and rental companies that are willing to help those on a tight budget.”And then there’s the good old-fashioned friend of a friend. Or as Chadwick put it:“Another way to find a deal is to reach out to your own network. Maybe someone you know has a rent stabilize d, under market gem and their landlord will let you just take over the lease.”Finding an apartment will always be stressful. But hopefully, these tips will help make it more affordable.  To learn more about living affordably, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:7 Tips for Eating Out on the CheapHow to Save Money on GasThe Broke Person’s Guide to Dating50 Places That Will Give You Free Stuff on Your BirthdayWhat are your best tips for affordable apartment hunting?  We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsMichael Chadwick is a licensed real estate salesperson with  Citihabitats (@CitiHabitats) in Greenwich Village, Manhattan. After 8 years he has rented hundreds of apartments all over Manhattan, Queens Brooklyn, presently leads The Chadwick Team.Aaron Hockel is the vice president of the blog  Property Manager Insider. They have a social audience of 5,000+ property management industry professionals and c over many topics relevant to the multi-family housing industry.Emily McCrary-Ruiz-Esparza is the brand editor at  House Method (@House_Method), where she leads the real estate beat, among other things.Eric  Sztanyo (@Manyo3) is a REALTOR ® at Keller Williams, Lead Agent at Team Sztanyo and Founder of  We Buy NKY Housesâ€"a Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky cash home buying company. Eric is a husband, father of four and is,  unfortunately, an avid fan of the Cincinnati Reds and Cincinnati Bengals. He holds out futile hope that he will see a playoff victory from one of these teams in his lifetime.

The Divine Comedy by Dante Aligheri - 1074 Words

In The Divine Comedy, written by Dante Alighieri, illustrates a man on his journey through three stages of differing setting. One, being hell, and the other two being purgatory and Heaven. However, the most frequently read section of the book is when Dante writes about the Inferno, or hell, due to the prolific details of punishments distributed to the sinners. When he writes, Dante appeals to all readers by completely and vividly describing all events as he makes his descent through hell. And, complementing those descriptions, Dante strategically places historical figures throughout history in hell to make The Divine Comedy real and very relatable. In other words, by doing this Dante enables the reader to connect on a more deeper level with the comedy. Not to mention that Dante also bases his Inferno off of Christian beliefs and well known mythology also connecting the reader further into the writing. However, Dante purposefully and masterfully does this for a reason. In The Divine C omedy, written by Dante Alighieri, Dante realistically and vividly portrays hell in a violent surreal manner in order to educate the reader, and the living for that matter, about their potential eternal after lives if they do not follow the true path God provides. Countless times throughout this comedy, Dante graphically conveys scenes from the Inferno to make it seem that the reader is actually there experiencing what Dante is. Each foreign section of hell that Dante comes across, and theShow MoreRelatedThe Theme Of Good And Evil In Dantes Inferno1517 Words   |  7 PagesDante is a poet who wrote an epic poem called The Divine Comedy. This epic poem is about Dante’s journey as he goes through 3 levels, which he calls Inferno, Purgatory and Paradise. In the Inferno, he meets Virgil, his guide throughout his voyage. They both pass through the nine circles of Hell, where they witness many different punishments for those who have done awful things in their past. Good versus ev il is a major theme that occurred throughout Hell. In the Inferno, there are times where DanteRead MoreHow Dante Achieves a Synthesis Between Narrative and Cultural Elements in His Writing1565 Words   |  6 Pageshow if at all Dante achieve a synthesis between narrative and cultural elements derived from paganism and his intentions as a Christian author writing for a Christian audience. Medieval literature in general attempted to do this and Dante was no different with regard to this in his copying of Virgil and the Aeneid in their depictions of hell in pagan mythology. Analysis There are a host of specific examples from pagan mythology in the Inferno. For instance, in Canto 15, we see Dante leaving theRead MoreHomosexuality in Victorian and Elizabethan Literature.6608 Words   |  27 Pagesthough it has weakened, it still affects people in todays society. It even dates back to the Renaissance days, and is presented by Dante Aligheri is his Inferno. And for this reason doth the smallest round/ Seal with its signet Sodom[...]†. Sodom is a city known for crude sexual acts, which is where sodomy gets its name from. Since the Inferno is a world created by Dante, he believes that sodomy is a sin that is worse than suicide, and decides to put it just before the entrance to the Eighth Circle

Essay on Effects of World War I - 519 Words

Effects of World War I World War I was rising Nazi feeling across Europe, colonial and economic rivalries, which contributed to growing international tension. The main spark that started World War I was the assassination of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914. The heart of the conflict were the Central Powers, Germany and Austria-Hungary, and the Allied Powers, Britain, France, and Russia; Italy joined later in 1915, and then United States joined in 1917. World War I was the first war to be fought on land, at sea, and in the air. World War I brought more technological innovations than any conflict in history. Machine guns, battleships, land mines, barbed wire, engine-driven transport vehicles, and other†¦show more content†¦By using new technology, many people or soldiers died because it is really easy to shoot somebody using guns instead of stabbing somebody with the sword as they used to do in earlier wars. This war killed many sons, husbands, fathers all over the wor ld. In this War of about 16,000,000 soldiers and about 13,000,000 civilians died all over the world in this war. It was hoped that this had served as a lesson to nations and that future battles could be avoided. After World War I the League of Nations was established to settle international argument peaceably like UN for United Nations. World War I also effected the economy of United States and the World economy. Stock market crashed in October 1929 in United States, and it marked the beginning of the great depression. Thousands of banks and businesses failed during this time. Agricultural production fell, and unemployment rose quickly. Unemployment commonly exceeded twenty five percent. In 1933 one out of every four American workers was out of a job. Since World War I effected the economies of almost all the countries, the world trade fell off and countries turned to nationalist economic policies that only provoked the problem. Prices of everything were so high that money sometimes was more useful to burn than to spend. Counties had over 280, 000 million dollars in expense during war. The costs of World War I was too big to pay for the world, and the economy of almost all the countries fell down.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of World War I1768 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effects of World War I Lindsay Frabotta Ms. Beck Honors World Cultures Period 3 19 May 2017 The Effects of World War I The ancient Greek philosopher Plato once said, â€Å"Only the dead have seen the end of war.† While this quote could be associated with any war or battle, it is especially meaningful when discussing World War I. Plato’s quote refers to the fact that war is never truly over and one can never tell when the next war will erupt. World War I was also known as â€Å"The War to End All Wars†Read MoreThe Great War And Its Effects On World War I1341 Words   |  6 Pageswith perfect clarity. All that I know now is partial and incomplete, but then I will know everything completely, just as God now knows me completely.†(Holy Bible, NIV) Fortunately, even when tragedy strikes, God s sole interest is the good of his children. Therefore, we can find comfort in the chain of circumstances God has organized not only for our lives but also for the world. God deliberately envisioned each aspect of The Great War and its effects. World War I was caused by Alliances, whichRea d MoreEffects Of World War I On America1425 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of World War I on America Basic Work Rough Draft World War I was a bloody and gruesome war that drew in many countries from around the world. It lasted from July 28, 1914 to November 11, 1918. As mentioned, there were many countries involved in World War I. These countries were separated into two clashing alliances: The Triple Entente, involving the powers of France, Britain and Germany; as well as the Central Powers which involved the powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman EmpireRead MoreWorld War I And Its Effects On America1703 Words   |  7 Pagesentered into World War, it had already been raging for some time. Between the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand during the tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia for the sake of dominance, the increasing competition from Japan for Chinese trade, and the increasingly offensive tactics of Germany concerning the U.S., the American population began to contemplate whether or not America should get involved, a topic that is still debated to this day. World War I and i ts effects were perceivedRead MoreThe End Effects Of World War I1555 Words   |  7 PagesEnd Effects of World War I World War I dragged on for a total of four years. Many were killed, some by another soldier, a mishap with a plane, or illness. On November 11, 1918, the war ended with an Armistice. The Armistice of World War I allowed the war to end without a winner. Germany got the heaviest load. The end of the war brought The Great Depression. Germany suffered the most during the Depression. The end of the war ignited a spark in many people that led to the roaring fire of World WarRead MoreGraffiti And Its Effects On The World War I1504 Words   |  7 Pagesmost likely been graffiti on it. Let’s start with what the definition of graffiti is, â€Å"writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place† (Bing.com). Graffiti can be traced back as far as world war 2 the most famous tag of that time being, â€Å"Kilroy was here† along with an illustration the artist or ‘writer’ they are also known as, is unknown but believed to work in a bomb factory. Graffiti started to show it’s political and a more passionateRead MoreEssay on The Causes and Effects of World War I804 Words   |  4 PagesThe Causes and Effects of World War I In 1914 through 1918, the entire world was at war. Due to many small, and some great incidents, the world powers went to war. During the war there were many events that drastically affected the outcome. Some of these events were very influential. From the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the war was shaped by events like this. On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Francis Ferdinand, and hisRead MoreThe Effect of World War I on Civilians Essay819 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of World War I on Civilians World War one was a military conflict which took place between 1914 and 1918. It involved many European countries as well as America and other countries around the world. This war was one of the most violent and destructive in European history. World War I was the first total war. Once the war began, the countries involved mobilized their entire populations and economic resources to achieve victory on the battlefield. The termRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles And Its Effect On The World War I Essay2857 Words   |  12 Pagesof the First World War, Germany stopped the conversion of its currency into gold when the war broke out. Unlike France, which levied its first income tax to pay for the World War, the German Kaiser and Reichstag decided unopposed to fund the war completely by borrowing, a decision criticized by financial stalwarts like Hjalmar Schacht even before hyperinflation came into being. The result was the exchange rate of the Mark against the US dollar started falling steadily during the war from 4.2 to 8Read MoreEffects Of World War I Ended On The 1920s1567 Words   |  7 PagesWhen World War I ended on November 11, 1918, President Warren G. Harding proposed â€Å"a return to normalcy†. This promised a return of the United States prewar mentality, without the thought of war contaminating the minds of the American people. With this in min d, the 1920s began- but Americans in the 1930s witnessed dramatic changes in their lives from the 1920s. The 1920s was a period of prosperity and economic success, while the 1930s was a time of economic downfall. The economy fluctuated between

Leagility in supply chain Free Essays

What is â€Å"leagility† in supply chain design? In a supply chain analysis of an appliance manufacturer, application of leagility concept led to significant benefits of the company’s performance.   The company is based in Thailand whose factory is located in capital Bangkok (Banomyong Supatn).   The current problem of the firm is accumulated in its reverse logistics (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Leagility in supply chain or any similar topic only for you Order Now g. managing returned products) being threefold; namely, excessive transportation costs, damaged products and slow customer response.   The current system requires customers to travel from their homes to the retailer stores where they bought the firm’s products.   Retailers will then transport the returned products to the Bangkok factory or in some cases even have to forward first to distribution/ service center before actual repair in Bangkok factory.   When repaired, the products are sent to customers, however, in retail stores only so they have to travel to claim. With the application of leagility, creating service shops in retail stores serve as decoupling points to manage customer demand volatility efficiently.   These services shops will be supplied by Bangkok factory with sufficient parts for the former to address simple defects and needed repairs.   Bangkok factory will only accept complex problems that do not require immediate action.   With the presence of leagility, the reverse logistics of the firm eliminate the three problems cited above.   It is able to prevent excessive transportation because service shops can serve as direct access of customers to Bangkok factory capabilities.   Less travel is required that can prevent damaging the products.   Lastly, customer satisfaction is increased because the response is faster while their need to â€Å"come-back† is minimized due to ready service. Leagility is derived from the word leagile.   The term is first defined by Naylor et al (1999) which means the mixture of lean and agile capabilities in the supply chain design.   Managing the decoupling point is the crucial aspect of leagile with the objective of responding to a fluctuating demand at one end and its scheduling on the other.   When strategic decoupling plan is implemented, it is possible to respond to abrupt market needs in an agile way while also carrying an ability to postpone or being lean to achieve efficiency.   De-coupling manages the difference between orders and forecasts.   Leagility is a combination of leanness and agility. The former emphasized on reduction of cost and waste and profit maximization through a level schedule.   The latter is inclined with flexible service and profit maximization through understanding customer requirements efficiently.   Leagility is achieved when these value-creating activities are present; namely, just-in-time (JIT), quality improvement, IT upgrades, lot-size minimization (i.e. less scrap and faster response time), system integration and global optimization. Other authors defined leagility as a hybrid strategy between lean and agile supply chain.   Being agile is the use of market knowledge and virtual business to manage fluctuations in demand while leanness is the use of value stream where waste and time are reduced and level schedule is obtained.   In their definition, decoupling point is clearer.   Decoupling point is the part of the supply chain in which customers can interfere and take part through the chain design. The point serves as signal to the firm about demand that can guide the forecasts/ Kanban system.   With the use of decoupling, inventories are managed on a stable level that has cost efficiency implications.   The combined features of agile and lean supply chains led to inherent characteristics of leagile supply chain.   These include volatile and unpredictable market demand, medium productivity variety, short product life cycle, service level customer performance, moderate profit margins, dominant physical and marketability costs, vendor-managed inventory, essentiality of information and other desirable effects to quality, forecasts, lead time and other costs (O’Brien 2005). Leagility application to USMC IN USMC, information technology is used to improve the supply chain management.   IT is deemed essential in leagile design and USMC has addressed this issue.   Assuming that SAP NetWeave enables information sharing across different functions in the supply chain, the organization can stabilize leagile framework through its IT.   However, the investment in IT must not be too high because funds are required in creating decoupling points systems and resources.   It should be noted that agile supply chain will not be acquired by USMC rather leagile and this makes IT non-obligatory. Further, IT may have intensified the ability of USMC in integrating information and resources to armed forces and suppliers of other countries.   Adoption of leagility can provide relaxation on the demand in reducing lead time for USMC services as this is not essential to being leagile.   USMC can continue sharing resources with other countries that can result to acquiring the latest technology without the problem against time constraints (e.g. on approval of the cooperating country about the local information). The use of GPS and RFID device in tracking supplies should be minimized since leagility does not confront stock-out penalties especially there are no place for stock-out (RFID Journal).   This means that the advantage of GPS and RFID to provide real-time information about the location of the inventories in the stock room or warehouses are seen less useful.   Further, the cost of such technologies is higher than the common barcode that their use in leagility is sub-optimal. Therefore, barcodes should be revisited.   The use of satellite communications in relation to service provision in a timely manner and also quick response must be maintained.   Leagility does not offer robustness while its forecast mechanism requires algorithmic and consultative areas inherent to lean and agile supply chains respectively.   As a result, service provision can be adversely affected when satellites will not feedback real-time events in the area of jurisdiction. The use of rapid logistics is required in leagility.   However, this can be adversely affected as purchasing policy is managed by vendor inventory.   Even with an efficient logistics, a non-cooperative vendor can cause delays of resources delivery and transfer.   In contrast, the rapid logistics can aid in providing products within the concept of leagility.   Leagile products are provided as per customer demand which can increase customer satisfaction by rapid delivery.   In effect, service level is achieved with low cost from USMC due to absence of excessive stocks and inventory spaces. Smart packing is required to be an efficient process because the products carried through a leagile supply chain have short life cycles.   Further, it is also a difficulty that USMC is obliged to produce different packing designs to a medium-scale product differentiation (Smart Packing).   Perhaps, a lean supply chain can better fit smart packing due to long life cycle.   If USMC requires cost efficiency, smart packing should be minimized and funds should be diverted to dominant costs in physical and marketability expenditures. References Banomyong, R. Supatn, N. (unknown). Leagility in reverse logistics: a case study of electronic appliance manufacturer [Internet] Available from http://www.bus.tu.ac.th/usr/ruth/file/Leagility%20in%20reverse%20logistics.pdf [Accessed 6 August 2007]. O’Brien, V. (2005). Should manufacturing pursue a lean, agile or leagile strategy? [Internet] Available from http://www.owl.ie/dos.nsf/5cd40849b78e5ad3802570730036c359/7b38490987f1dee48025708a00462850/$FILE/Vanessa.doc. [Accessed 6 August 2007]. Naylor, J., Naim, M. Berry, D. (1999). Leagility: Integrating the Lean and Agile Manufacturing Paradigms in the Total Supply Chain. International Journal Of Production Economics, 62(1), p.2. RFID Journal (unknown). Available from http://www.rfidjournal.com/ [Accessed 6 August 2007]. Smart Packing (unknown). Available from http://www.smartpacking.com/ [Accessed 6 August 2007]. How to cite Leagility in supply chain, Essay examples

Title IX Essay Thesis Example For Students

Title IX Essay Thesis A Brief Overview of Title IX and how it effects both Men and Women Title IX ofthe Education Amendments of 1972 is the ?Federal law which prohibits sexdiscrimination against the students and employees of any educational agency thatreceives Federal financial assistance?(Mathews I-1). From June 23, 1972 allthe way up until today, there has been a constant struggle as to whatgender?equality actually is. Title IX has had a profound effect on both maleand female students on college campuses all across the country, because as itgives one group of students opportunities, it, in a sense, is responsible forstealing away those same opportunities from another group of students. There maybe an attempt to achieve equality in college athletics based solely on gender,but this attempt may actually be creating inequality especially in regard to thenumber of athletic opportunities, which are available for student-athletes. Theeffects of Title IX on male student athletes are very noticeable in that inor der to create an equal number of scholarship opportunities for women, men mayhave to give up their scholarships. An example of this is the lawsuit of TomCaruso v. University of Arkansas-Fayetteville on May 27, 1993 (Curtis 6). Mr. Caruso was a member of the Universities diving team, and their decision todiscontinue the diving program in an effort to comply with the Title IXguidelines, was definitely unfair to him. Another example of inequality wheremale athletes are concerned is the decision that the Southeastern Conferencemade in 1995 that has required each of its member institutions to provide aminimum of two more womens sports than mens sports (Curtis 2). Byrequiring there to be two more womens sports than mens sports, men arelosing out on two additional opportunities to participate in intercollegiateathletics. Many colleges and universities are doing away with non-revenuegenerating mens sports such as tennis, soccer, and track in an effort to findthe additional funds to support the extra womens sports. The female studentathlete population can definitely feel the effects and benefits of Title IX aswell. There are womens sports programs seemingly popping up every day. Schools that basically ignored female athletics in the past are now offeringwomens gymnastics, golf, volleyball, water polo, etc. Every single femalesport that is being added is not only providing opportunities for the women asathletes right now, but also the opportunities to be involved in their specificsport when their playing career is over. Whether they look for positions ascoaches, athletic trainers, or administrators, opportunities are definitely onthe horizon whereas before, they had a very limited future in regards to thenumber of positions available, and due to the ?lack of parity between male andfemale salaries in those positions? (Kovacs 16). Women may have more of avariety of sports to choose to participate in now, but the total number ofscholarship opportunities is still way below the opportunities given to the men. Also, there are quite a few institutions that are ?dragging their feet? whenit comes to compliance with Title IX. The promise of more opportunities is outthere, but it seems to take a while for those promises to materialize. A hugemyth that has circulated from the beginning of the Title IX struggles is thatfootball programs will become extinct if girls and women are given theopportunity to play sports. Unfortunately, the gender equity debate has boileddown to the myth that girls are not as interested in playing sports as boys. Andeven if they are, the male-dominated sports society doesnt want to add moresports teams for girls, because they are in fear that this will cause them tolose their favorite college football team. The myth that womens volleyball ortrack will cause football an untimely death is absurd. If for no other apparentreason, football is the ?cash cow? at most universities and without themoney that football programs bring into the athletics department budgets, notmany o ther sports could survive. All that women want is the opportunity to playsports, not the opportunity to take sports away from men. By giving women theopportunity to participate in college athletics, men are having opportunitiestaken away from them. If you want girls softball and gymnastics, then we aregoing to have to take away your boys lacrosse team. The girls shouldnt reallybe blamed here, because all they want is an opportunity to participate, justlike the men have done for decades. Women deserve the opportunity, as do men, tonot only participate in college sports as athletes, but also to participate incollege down the road as an administrator or coach. Once again, the questionarises: In the attempt to create equality based solely on gender, how can youkeep from creating inequality? Its a shame that one gender may have to sufferso that the other can attempt to have ?equality?. .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .postImageUrl , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:hover , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:visited , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:active { border:0!important; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:active , .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub42e59ec471562326fecb1ae3cf5307f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hate Crimes EssayBibliographyCurtis, Mary C., Dr. Gender Equity in Sports. 26 June 2000. The University ofIowa Womens Intercollegiate Athletics Department Research on Title IXLawsuits and Voluntary Acts. *http://bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu/ge/Title_IX.html.*Kovacs, Frank W. Title IX: Parity of Coaches Salaries for Male and FemaleAthletic Teams. Washington, D.C. National Education Association. 1979. Mathews,Martha. Implementing Title IX and Attaining Sex Equity: A Workshop Package forPostsecondary Educators. Washington, D.C. Resource Center on Sex Roles inEducation National Foundation for the Improvement of Education. September 1978.

Analysis Of Karl Marx And Communism Essays - Political Philosophy

Analysis Of Karl Marx And Communism Essays - Political Philosophy Analysis of Karl Marx and Communism Karl Heinrich Marx was born on May 5, 1818, in the city of Trier in Prussia, now, Germany. He was one of seven children of Jewish Parents. His father was fairly liberal, taking part in demonstrations for a constitution for Prussia and reading such authors as Voltaire and Kant, known for their social commentary. His mother, Henrietta, was originally from Holland and never became a German at heart, not even learning to speak the language properly. Shortly before Karl Marx was born, his father converted the family to the Evangelical Established Church, Karl being baptized at the age of six. Marx attended high school in his home town (1830-1835) where several teachers and pupils were under suspicion of harboring liberal ideals. Marx himself seemed to be a devoted Christian with a ?longing for self-sacrifice on behalf of humanity.? In October of 1835, he started attendance at the University of Bonn, enrolling in non-socialistic-related classes like Greek and Roman mythology and the history of art. During this time, he spent a day in jail for being ?drunk and disorderly-the only imprisonment he suffered? in the course of his life. The student culture at Bonn included, as a major part, being politically rebellious and Marx was involved, presiding over the Tavern Club and joining a club for poets that included some politically active students. However, he left Bonn after a year and enrolled at the University of Berlin to study law and philosophy. Marx?s experience in Berlin was crucial to his introduction to Hegel?s philosophy and to his ?adherence to the Young Hegelians.? Hegel?s philosophy was crucial to the development of his own ideas and theories. Upon his first introduction to Hegel?s beliefs, Marx felt a repugnance and wrote his father that when he felt sick, it was partially ?from intense vexation at having to make an idol of a view [he] detested.? The Hegelian doctrines exerted considerable pressure in the ?revolutionary student culture? that Marx was immersed in, however, and Marx eventually joined a society called the Doctor Club, involved mainly in the ?new literary and philosophical movement? who?s chief figure was Bruno Bauer, a lecturer in theology who thought that the Gospels were not a record of History but that they came from ?human fantasies arising from man?s emotional needs? and he also hypothesized that Jesus had not existed as a person. Bauer was later dismissed from his position by the Prussian government. By 1841, Marx?s studies were lacking and, at the suggestion of a friend, he submitted a doctoral dissertation to the university at Jena, known for having lax acceptance requirements. Unsurprisingly, he got in, and finally received his degree in 1841. His thesis ?analyzed in a Hegelian fashion the difference between the natural philosophies of Democritus and Epicurus? using his knowledge of mythology and the myth of Prometheus in his chains. In October of 1842, Marx became the editor of the paper Rheinische Zeitung, and, as the editor, wrote editorials on socio-economic issues such as poverty, etc. During this time, he found that his ?Hegelian philosophy was of little use? and he separated himself from his young Hegelian friends who only shocked the bourgeois to make up their ?social activity.? Marx helped the paper to succeed and it almost became the leading journal in Prussia. However, the Prussian government suspended it because of ?pressures from the government of Russia.? So, Marx went to Paris to study ?French Communism.? In June of 1843, he was married to Jenny Von Westphalen, an attractive girl, four years older than Marx, who came from a prestigious family of both military and administrative distinction. Although many of the members of the Von Westphalen family were opposed to the marriage, Jenny?s father favored Marx. In Paris, Marx became acquainted with the Communistic views of French workmen. Although he thought that the ideas of the workmen were ?utterly crude and unintelligent,? he admired their camaraderie. He later wrote an article entitled ?Toward the Critique of the Hegelian Philosophy of Right? from which comes the famous quote that religion is the ?opium of the people.? Once again, the Prussian government interfered with Marx and he was expelled from France. He left for Brussels, Belgium, and ,

How to Use the French Preposition ÃÂ

How to Use the French Preposition Despite its diminutive size,   is a hugely important French preposition and one of the most important words in the French language. Its meanings and uses in French are many and varied, but at its most basic,   generally  means to, at or in.  Compare   to de,  meaning of or from, with which its often confused.   Contractions When  Ã‚  is followed by the  definite articles  le  and  les,  Ã‚  contracts  with themas a single word. le  Ã‚  au (au magasin)   Ã‚  les   aux  (aux maisons) But  Ã‚  does not contract with  la  or  l.   Ã‚  la  Ã‚   la ( la banque) l  Ã‚   l ( lhà ´pital) In addition,  Ã‚  is not contracted with  le  and  les  when they are  direct objects. Common Uses of 1.  Location or destination Jhabite Paris.  Ã‚  I live in Paris.Je vais Rome.  Ã‚  Im going to Rome.Je suis la banque.  Ã‚  Im at the bank. 2.  Distance in time or space Jhabite 10 mà ¨tres de lui.  Ã‚  I live 10 meters from him.Il est 5 minutes de moi.  Ã‚  He is 5 minutes from me. 3.  Point in time Nous arrivons 5h00.  Ã‚  We arrive at 5:00.Il est mort 92 ans.  Ã‚  He died at the age of 92. 4.  Manner, style, or characteristic Il habite la franà §aise.  Ã‚  He lives in the French style.un enfant aux yeux bleus  Ã‚  blue-eyed child; child with blue eyesfait la main  Ã‚  made by handaller pied  Ã‚  to go on / by foot 5. Possession un ami moi  Ã‚  a friend of mineCe livre est Jean  Ã‚  This is Jeans book 6.  Measurement acheter au kilo  Ã‚  to buy by the kilogrampayer la semaine  Ã‚  to pay by the week 7. Purpose or use une tasse thà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  teacup; cup for teaun sac dos  Ã‚  backpack; pack for the back 8. In the passive infinitive louer  Ã‚  for rentJe nai rien lire.  Ã‚  I have nothing to read.                                     9. With Certain Verbs, Phrases Followed by an Infinitive The French preposition is required after certain verbs and phrases when they are followed by an infinitive. The English translation may take an infinitive (to learn how to do something) or a gerund (to stop eating).      aider   Ã‚  to help to   Ã‚  Ã‚  samuser   Ã‚  to amuse oneself ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  apprendre   Ã‚  to learn how to  Ã‚  Ã‚  sapprà ªter   Ã‚  to get ready to  Ã‚  Ã‚  arriver   Ã‚  to manage / succeed in ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  sattendre   Ã‚  to expect to  Ã‚  Ã‚  sautoriser   Ã‚  to authorize / allow to  Ã‚  Ã‚  avoir   Ã‚  to have to / be obliged to  Ã‚  Ã‚  chercher   Ã‚  to attempt to  Ã‚  Ã‚  commencer   Ã‚  to begin to / ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  consentir   Ã‚  to consent to  Ã‚  Ã‚  continuer   Ã‚  to continue to / ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  dà ©cider (quelquun)   Ã‚  to persuade (someone) to  Ã‚  Ã‚  se dà ©cider   Ã‚  to make up ones mind to  Ã‚  Ã‚  encourager   Ã‚  to encourage to   Ã‚  Ã‚  sengager   Ã‚  to get around to  Ã‚  Ã‚  enseigner   Ã‚  to teach to  Ã‚  Ã‚  shabituer   Ã‚  to get used to  Ã‚  Ã‚  hà ©siter   Ã‚  to hesitate to  Ã‚  Ã‚  sintà ©resser   Ã‚  to be interested in  Ã‚  Ã‚  inviter (qu elquun)   Ã‚  to invite (someone) to  Ã‚  Ã‚  se mettre   Ã‚  to start, set about ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  obliger   Ã‚  to oblige to  Ã‚  Ã‚  parvenir   Ã‚  to succeed in ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  passer du temps   Ã‚  Ã‚  to spend time ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  perdre du temps   Ã‚  to waste time ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  persister   Ã‚  to persist in ___-ing      se plaire   Ã‚  to take pleasure in ___-ing   Ã‚  Ã‚  pousser (quelquun)   Ã‚  to urge/push (someone) to   Ã‚  Ã‚  se prà ©parer   Ã‚  to prepare oneself to   Ã‚  Ã‚  recommencer   Ã‚  to begin ___-ing again  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©flà ©chir   Ã‚  to consider ___-ing   Ã‚  Ã‚  renoncer   Ã‚  to give up ___-ing   Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©sister   Ã‚  to resist ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©ussir   Ã‚  to succeed in ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ªver   Ã‚  to dream of ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  servir   Ã‚  to serve to  Ã‚  Ã‚  songer   Ã‚  to dream of ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  tarder   Ã‚  to delay / be late in ___-ing   Ã‚  Ã‚  tenir   Ã‚  to hold (someone) to / insist on ___-ing  Ã‚  Ã‚  venir   Ã‚  to happen to 10. With Verbs That Need an Indirect Object   The French preposition is required after many French verbs and phrases that need an indirect object, but there is often no equivalent preposition in English.   Ã‚  Ã‚        acheter   Ã‚  to buy from   Ã‚  Ã‚  arracher   Ã‚  Ã‚  to grab, tear away from  Ã‚  Ã‚  assister (la rà ©union)  Ã‚  to attend (the meeting)   Ã‚  Ã‚  conseiller   Ã‚  to advise   Ã‚  Ã‚  convenir (quelquun) / la situation  Ã‚  to please; to be suitable for someone / the situation  Ã‚  Ã‚  croire   Ã‚  to believe something  Ã‚  Ã‚  demander (quelque chose) (quelquun)  Ã‚  to ask someone (something)  Ã‚  Ã‚  dà ©fendre   Ã‚  to forbid   Ã‚  Ã‚  demander (quelquun)  Ã‚  to ask (someone) to   Ã‚  Ã‚  dà ©plaire   Ã‚  to displease; to be displeasing to  Ã‚  Ã‚  dà ©sobà ©ir   Ã‚  to disobey   Ã‚  Ã‚  dire   Ã‚  to say; to tell  Ã‚  Ã‚  donner un stylo (quelquun)  Ã‚  to give (someone) a pen  Ã‚  Ã‚  emprunter un livre (quelquun)  Ã‚  to borrow a book from (someone)  Ã‚  Ã‚  envoyer (qqch) (quelquun)  Ã‚  to send (something) to (someone)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒ ªtre   Ã‚  to belong to  Ã‚  Ã‚  faire attention   Ã ‚  to pay attention to  Ã‚  Ã‚  se fier (quelquun)  Ã‚  to trust (someone)  Ã‚  Ã‚  goà »ter (quelque chose)  Ã‚  to taste (something)  Ã‚  Ã‚  shabituer   Ã‚  to get used to  Ã‚  Ã‚  interdire (quelque chose) quelquun  Ã‚  to forbid someone (something)  Ã‚  Ã‚  sintà ©resser   Ã‚  to be interested in   Ã‚  Ã‚  jouer   Ã‚  to play (a game or sport)  Ã‚  Ã‚  manquer   Ã‚  to miss someone  Ã‚  Ã‚  mà ªler   Ã‚  to mingle with; to join in  Ã‚  Ã‚  nuire   Ã‚  to harm  Ã‚  Ã‚  obà ©ir   Ã‚  to obey  Ã‚  Ã‚  sopposer   Ã‚  to oppose  Ã‚  Ã‚  ordonner   Ã‚  to order  Ã‚  Ã‚  pardonner   Ã‚  to pardon; to forgive  Ã‚  Ã‚  parler   Ã‚  to talk to  Ã‚  Ã‚  penser   Ã‚  to think of / about  Ã‚  Ã‚  permettre   Ã‚  to permit  Ã‚  Ã‚  plaire   Ã‚  to please; to be pleasing to  Ã‚  Ã‚  profiter   Ã‚  to benefit; to be profitable to  Ã‚  Ã‚  promettre   Ã‚  to promise  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©flà ©chir   Ã‚  to consider; to reflect upon  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©pondre   Ã‚  to answer  Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©sister   Ã‚  to resist  Ã‚  Ã‚  ressembler   Ã‚  to resemble   Ã‚  Ã‚  rà ©ussir lexamen   to pass the test  Ã‚  Ã‚  serrer la main (quelquun)  Ã‚  to shake hands with someone  Ã‚  Ã‚  servir   Ã‚  to be used for / as  Ã‚  Ã‚  songe r   Ã‚  to dream; to think of  Ã‚  Ã‚  succà ©der   Ã‚  to succeed; to follow  Ã‚  Ã‚  survivre   Ã‚  to survive  Ã‚  Ã‚  tà ©là ©phoner   Ã‚  to call  Ã‚  Ã‚  voler (quelque chose) quelquun  Ã‚  to steal (something) from someone Notes Remember that plus an inanimate noun can be replaced by the adverbial pronoun y. For example, je my suis habituà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  I got used to it. plus a person can usually be replaced by an indirect object pronoun that is placed in front of the verb (e.g., Il me parle). However, a few verbs and expressions do not allow a preceding indirect object pronoun. Instead, they require that you keep the preposition after the verb and follow it with a stressed pronoun (e.g., Je pense toi). Additional Resources Passive infinitive:  a grammatical structure in which something other than a verb needs to be followed by  Ã‚   infinitive.

Worst Day in School Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Worst Day in School - Personal Statement Example But when I saw the Mathematics teacher entering the class I lost my wits. At first I thought that the teacher just came in to check or ask for the copies but the next moment I realized that he was in the classroom to conduct his class. The teacher asked all the students to take out their text books from their bags. But as I made the timetable according to some other day I did not have the Mathematics text book. As soon as the teacher noticed me he not only honored me by insulting me but also threw me out of the class. As I was leaving the class the students hooted and taunted at me but as I was so embarrassed that I did not dare to reply to them. This was not the end. More was to come. A group of bullies passing my class saw me and started making fun of me. This was it and I could not take it anymore and I also started yelling at the boys and started cursing them. This was another mistake committed by me which marked my worst day in the school. As I replied them harshly the faction o f the boys started to get rude to me and passed even worse comments. Hearing those comments I run towards the boys and a fight started. I was alone and they outnumbered me. I did not only get a very good beating but was also caught by the principal. This gift was given to me by my mathematics teacher.

Biomedical philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biomedical philosophy - Essay Example , when one is relying on CEDs might not be that effective despite advocated, which entails the respective authorities devise rules meant to govern its usage to shun thwarting of analytical skills realization. Since, attainment of analytical skills is an essential aspect that will aid the learners not only in the confinements of their educational facilities but also in their entire lives. Hence, use whatever they have acquired but this entails rule guiding in terms of its usage to produce well-prepared individuals. Analytical skills in this case is an internal good for its attainment is not via attributing with certain environmental settings but one’s involvements as well as interactions with varied aiding facilities. This is to development themselves but not because a person he or she went to a certain institution. Since in attributable ant good with where a person he or she went to certain institution comprises describes an external good, which in most cases is more of one associating with a given icon or place. For instance, an internal good its attainment its realization basis or success considers one’s efforts as well as a belief they control their lives (Hager, Alison & Reich 23). Hence, externalities do not have any influence on what they attain except in the case where they ought to play as per certain rules to maximize chances of realizing what they want. In this case will be quite evident with regulating CEDs’ usage but the extent of analytical skills one has des pite all people constrained by same rules will have varying capacities based one’s efforts. Conversely, external good mostly relies on environmental settings thus who attain or fail associate them with external influences like institutions as well as certain icons. Consequently, this is the reason why analytical skills which is an internal good varies across individuals to the extent some accorded certain preserve of being exemplary analytical in all their errands not only in educational

The Relationship between Sustainable Development and Product Innovation in the Body Shop

The Relationship between Sustainable Development and Product Innovation in the Body Shop Abstract Currently, the general public is concerned about sustainable development and the effect on business activities is much discussed. This project will mainly focus on product innovation, and analyze how the successful business The Body Shop integrated the issue into its business plan in the fashion market in the UK. Theories of sustainable business strategy have already been carried out by many experts and the achievements of The Body Shop also have been highlighted. Regarding product innovation, it is concluded that although some of the sustainable product designs need to be improved, however, it is still successful to reach the environmental product innovation development. This may be of use to business, especially for those who are seeking for the most proper sustainable business strategy. Contents Abstract List of figures Introductionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..1 Sustainable Developmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.3 Definitionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..3 Impact on enterpriseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..5 Product Innovationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..9 Innovation and NPDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..9 Product innovation for the environmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.11 The Fashion Market in the UK: The Body Shopà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦14 Conclusionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..18 List of referencesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦20 List of Figures Figure 1. The Three Components of Sustainabilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..4 Figure 2. The Enterprise Management Modelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦6 Figure 3. Interactive Model of Innovationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦10 Figure 4. A Framework of Achieving Green Designà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.12 Introduction In recent decades, the importance of sustainable development has been globally emphasized and discussed in the business approaches in all realms of the market. As Rainey (2006:84) mentioned, it is important for business to integrate the environment issues with the business management approaches. Companies, in the present time, not only have to make the maximum profit for shareholders but also need to maintain the balance of environment when they are implementing business activities. In the fashion market, developing a new product through the philosophy of sustainability is the most efficient way to achieve the sustainable requirements successfully. As Stamm (2008) commented, designing a sustainable product can avoid the cost of repairing the damage to the environment and also help the company to adapt to the environmental requirements rapidly. Therefore, focusing on producing eco-friendly products can be a vital issue. Although much of the literature is emphasizing the importance of implementing the sustainable product innovation, there is still little companies can do to achieve the goal successfully. As Carrillo-Hermosilla (2009) stated, since there is a wide range of sustainable strategies, it might be risky for companies to adapt the approach in an uncoordinated manner. According to Buchholtz (2006) the relationships between business and society seem to support this, and reach a conclusion that when companies announce taking the responsibility to meet the social expectations, it will be examined in a more critical way by the general public. The aim of the project is to examine the well-known company in the UK fashion market, namely The Body Shop to see how it achieves the sustainability requirements when running the business and how the product is developed in a sustainable way. The project will first start with the definition of the sustainable development, then analyze how the business approach is affected by the sustainable issue. Finally, it will focus on the product innovation for the environmental protection and examine The Body Shop in compliance with the theories mentioned. 1. Sustainable Development 1.1 Definition of Sustainable Development There is a strong possibility that business activities will generate numerous environmental crises when they mainly aim at maximizing profit. Some examples of the damage are environmental pollution, ever-increasing problems of waste disposal, and the erosion of local cultures and environment caused by the booming tourism industry. Therefore, the regulations of environmental protection are essential to ensure well-being both at present and in the future. (Carrillo 2009:1) Sustainability, which was brought to public attention in the 1970s, was clearly outlined in the Brundtland Report, which stated that it is crucial that the economic development be prevented from exhausting natural resources and the environment should be repaired. In the past, the concept of sustainability was deemed to be similar to environmental protection, which in the present time has been extended to include three dimensions, namely economic, social, and environmental (Elkington 1999). Figure 1. The three components of sustainability Source: Crane (2004:23) Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987) More specifically, the three segments of sustainable development represent different meanings. The environmental part is to decrease the damage of human activity on limited natural resources and to protect the health of environment for the future generation. The aim of the economic segment is to protect the future generations from the disadvantages of continuing population or industrial activity growth. The final part is the social segment. This mainly focuses on the influence of business activities on native people. With the coming of the age of sustainable development, more and more companies are beginning to reexamine themselves. For example, in the UK, as Crane (2007:24) stated, the popularity of the dish named Fish and Chips, caused a severe overfishing problem. As a response, the government imported fish from other more sustainable resources to ameliorate the harm to the bio-system. 1.2 Impact on Enterprise Sustainable development has significantly affected the business management approaches over the past few decades. Although it is risky for business to adapt themselves to the requirements of sustainable development, companies still can take advantage of the emerging issue by formulating effective sustainable strategies. (Rainey, 2006) In order to develop a holistic sustainable strategy, it is useful to apply the enterprise management model (EMM) to achieve the SWOT analysis. As Rainey (2006:87) provided, the EMM presents an overview of the environment of business which is much closer to the practical business environment. Business can develop the sustainable strategies by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of internal components and the opportunities and threats of external surrounding. Figure 2. The Enterprise Management Model Source: Rainey (2006:88) Firstly, business can conduct the SW analysis. The internal environment is presented as a value-added process in EMM which provides the business a complete structure to maintain the balance of environment and avoid producing toxic waste. By examining the process of producing products, business can make sure that the sustainable development is followed not only by the business itself but also by the material suppliers. (Rainey, 2006:90) Furthermore, companies should analyze the opportunities and threats of the external environment, which mainly focuses on the effects of shareholders and the infrastructure. Shareholders are the people who can affect the practice of business operation and marketing strategies. The infrastructure is the facility which supports business to meet the social expectations. Both of them are associated with the aspects of social, political/legal, economic, technology, competition, ecology, and ethical and connect the external surrounding and internal elements with the knowledge and information flow. (Rainey, 2006:91) After the SWOT analysis, it seems possible that companies are able to develop sustainable strategies in an organized manner. According to Weybrecht (2010:387), the sustainable strategy was developed depends on whether the business applied it to the whole business approaches or only integrated it in an uncoordinated way. However, there is a far less agreement about the possible sustainable strategies. Rainey (2006) concluded that the sustainable strategies need to be designed in a systematic method which linking the several possible sustainable issues with the supply networks, operation, distribution, markets and customers, and retirement disposal. Although businesses are adapted to the sustainable development by setting the effective sustainable strategies, it still cannot be successful without the cultural change. Changing the business culture means to establish sustainable thinking and knowledge in the organization. As Weybrecht(2010:255) claimed the sustainable culture can be built in the following process: Communication- hold discussions constantly to exchange the ideas about sustainability. Recruiting- hiring the right person to lead the sustainable related management activities. Feedback- training staff by offering some sustainable related education programs and give some rewards when staffs achieve the sustainable mission successfully. By following the steps above, the concepts of sustainability can be built from the bottom of the organization to the top. (Weybrecht, 2010:255) 2. Product Innovation 2.1 Innovation and NPD Innovation plays a considerably important part in the present time. As Trott (2008) pointed out, since the 1930s, many researchers have argued about the relationship between innovation and economic growth. It seems that issues about innovation have drawn public attention for many years and are still being discussed until now. However, the relationship between innovation and business management has been highlighted and widely discussed since Abernathy and Utterback(1978) contended that the birth of any industrial sector is associated with the one radical innovation by another and the widespread incremental innovation, which means that the power of innovation decides the fate of new business. Since the rising popularity of innovation, the explanation of innovation is defined in many different ways. According to Stamm (2008:259), innovation includes creativity and implementation, which means innovation not only requires creativity, to generate new ideas, but also implementation which me ans the business activities to realize the unique ideas. Implementation is a process of business activities which plays a determined role in the success of innovation. As Stamm (2008:273) analyzed, the implementation can be divided into three steps, namely idea selection, development, and commercialization which turn the creativity into a rigid one. Figure 3. Interactive Model of Innovation Source: Trott (2008:23) As Trott (2008) stated, innovation is the result of the marketplace, the science base, and the organizations capabilities and affected by the increasing improvement of technology and the needs of the market. Moreover, in the process of new product development (NPD), examining the different aspects of a product is an important process to achieve the product innovation. Trott (2008) showed the five aspects of marketing, economics, design and engineering, RD, and production management, which provided companies with the direction to develop new products. Although companies can make profits by decreasing the cost of manufacture, the sales increase will not last for a long time since the competitor will set a relatively low price quickly which will turn the competition of market share into a vicious circle. Also, the long-term methods to increase the market share and be a market leader is to create the competing ability which is hard to imitate. 2.2 Product Innovation for the Environment The concept of product innovation for the environment is to design a product which lowers the impact on the business environment, and meets the social expectations. In the dynamic environment, how to produce a product that meets the requirement of sustainability becomes the most important issue. Although staff from the top to the bottom all need to be responsible for the change of sustainable development, the most efficient way is to focus on the design. A comment by MacKenzie stated, Designers are the central part of product innovation as they embrace the holistic knowledge to design an eco-friendly product. This opinion is also supported by Carrillo-Hermosilla (2009:98) which mentioned that design for environment can decrease the reprocessing cost and avoid encountering problems in the end of product life. As Burell (1992:91) suggested that the design of an environmentally friendly product can follow four dimensions. The framework for achieving green design is presented as follow: Material Conscious Energy conscious Green Design Maximize product life Design for recyclability Figure 4. A framework for achieving green design Source: Adapted from Burall (1992:92) In order to achieve the requirement of sustainability, companies need to minimize the use of hazardous materials and find the alternative ingredients which do not come from the scarce resources. Additionally, companies can also use the material which is beneficial to the environment such as recyclable paper. Also, it is essential to make sure that the suppliers follow the standard of environmental protection which will not affect the sustainable achievement of the company. Moreover, saving energy is also an important issue. Currently, many environmental issues like global warming are caused by the overuse of energy power. Business should design the product which can lower the consumption of energy and be user-friendly for customer to operate. With regard to the design for recyclability, although the company already uses natural resources, it still needs to avoid combining too many different ingredients which may lead the product to be difficult to recycle. Additionally, labeling the ingredients of products clearly can be helpful not only because the classifying work can be easier but also make the hazardous ingredients to be noticeable. Also, designing the long life products for re-use can reduce the amount of wastes. As to maximize product life, design a product which is more realistic than only fashionable and ameliorate the weakness of products can improve the companys reputation. Furthermore, it is also vital for companies to design a product which can be user-friendly and easier to be repaired. Developing eco-friendly products by examining through the four aspects can help companies to meet the sustainable standards more efficiently. Products which meet the social expectations can generate the profit in a long term way through the rising of companys reputation. (Burall, 1992) The Fashion market in the UK: The Body Shop The Body Shop was founded by Annita Roddick in Brighton in 1976. Unlike most cosmetics companies, the promotion concept of The Body Shop is to emphasize the suitable cosmetics products for the different age of people instead of selling the slogan that people can stop ageing because of using its products. With regard to the internal analysis of The Body Shop, in order to ensure the maintenance of sustainability, it chooses the natural resources to be its raw materials and builds a close connection with its suppliers. Also, due to meet its shareholders expectation of caring for the elder people in the community it trades with, The Body Shop establishes the Trade Not Aid to alleviate the poverty and help people who are suffering from low payment in the third world countries. Moreover, The Body Shop aims higher moral standards by not only building a soap factory in the deprived region instead of in the safe suburb but also donating 25% of the future profit to extend the local facilities. The concept of sustainability of The Body Shop is to consider the value of sustainability as a core issue in its decision making process. For example, when The Body Shop wants to develop a new product, it will examine each aspect of the product design which is related to the sustainable issues and devote itself to making the world as good as possible. In addition, The Body Shop founded a training school in 1985. The purpose of the training school is to educate its employees and related business partners about the knowledge of the latest environmental issues and considerate the awareness of environmental protection. (Roddick, 1992) As to the product innovation, green design, of The Body Shop, it is considered as a paradigm among various companies. There are two major applications of green design in The Body Shop. First of all, when it comes to the material conscious, most of the cosmetics products in The Body Shop consist of natural ingredients, such as, cocoa, and green mud. None of them are scarce or natural resources under threat. Secondly, there are some of the product designs for recyclability in The Body Shop. Before 1980s, The Body Shop particularly focused on the recycling and energy conservation schemes. After that The Body Shop started to pay attention to the environmental issues of packaging, waste and effluents and invented a bag which was made from recycled polyethylene in order to diminish the negative influences of its products. Besides, it encouraged the general public to use the non-chlorine bleached cotton bags which can be refillable. In 1992, The Body Shop was the first corporation in the UK which recycled its own post-customer recycled waste. However, it is important to point that learning how to use natural resources to produce sustainable products in the underdeveloped countries may lead to the overuse of the natural resources. Since the natural resources are rather unique in the underdeveloped countries, the company may only gather the natural resources from the certain countries, however, because of the great demand of certain useful materials, they may be overused, which in turn the natural resources may become scarce in the future. Take honey for example, honey is known as a natural ingredient which contains rich nutritive materials. However, the rapidly increasing demand of honey makes the amount become fewer and fewer. As a result, some of the companies are forced to stop using honey as their materials. Additionally, although it is believe that the economy of the third world countries gain benefits from the Trade no Aid activity because the indigenous people can avoid the price exploitation of the middle trader. However, trading with poorer countries might generate several drawbacks in these third-world countries. The most significant negative effect is on the economic development. Because the majority type of jobs offered by trading activities is usually low-paid or short-term job the benefit of this kind of jobs is limited. Although the living standard of indigenous people is improved temporarily, it must not be overlooked that the countries in the third world have become more and more dependent on foreign countries and less likely to change their economic status by themselves. Furthermore, although the concept of using cotton bags is a favorable idea to avoid the environmental pollution of plastic bags, it did not turn out to be widespread. In The Body Shop store, people are still using paper bags instead of the cotton bags. The reason why it is not as popular as it should be, might because it is inconvenient for customers to bring the cotton bag with them whenever they are out for shopping. However, this problem can be solved by providing customers some incentives to encourage them to use the cotton bags instead of paper bags. For instance, the body shop can offer customers a discount when they use the cotton bags. After the examination of the sustainable product innovation, it can be understand that it is challenging for companies to achieve the goal of sustainability. Conclusion Business approaches are significantly affected by sustainable development. Not only the development of business strategies and culture establishment but also the new product design was influenced by the issue. With regard to the development of sustainable strategy, it is important for companies to examine the internal and external business environment and make the difficulty of fulfilling the social expectations into an opportunity to earn a profit. Furthermore, when producing a product, it is essential to consider the usage of materials, the consumption energy, the life span of products, and the possibility of recycling. In the case study of The Body Shop, it can be clearly seen that the company has altered a wide range of the business approaches to meet the social expectations. However, the analysis also shows that the sustainable strategies of The Body Shop still can be improved, such as the promotion of cotton bag use and the way they help the countries in the third world. After discussing the relationship between sustainable development and product innovation, it was concluded that integrating the business approaches with the environment management can be successful in the real world and it will be more efficient when focusing on the green product design. As Buchholtz (2006:106) stated that an active involvement in the changing society can benefit a company from the significant challenge. It should be noted that other business approaches and different types of market, which is not described in detail in this project might also be related to the sustainable development. In the future, analyzing the different realms of market place can be helpful to those businesses which are interested in developing sustainable business approaches.

Causes of the American Civil War Essay -- Civil War American History E

Causes of the American Civil War The American Civil War is one of the most significant and controversial periods in American history. The Civil War was caused by mounting conflicting pressures, principles, and prejudices, fueled by differences and pride, and set into motion by unlikely set of political events. At the root of all of the problems was the establishment of slavery, which had been introduced into North America in early colonial times. The American Revolution had been fought to confirm the idea that all men were created equal, yet slavery was legal in all of the thirteen colonies throughout the revolutionary period. Although it was largely gone from the northern states by 1787, it was still enshrined in the new Constitution of the United States, not only at the request of the Southern ones, but also with the approval of many of the Northern delegates who saw that there was still much money to be made in the slave trade by the Yankee shipping industry. Eventually its existence came to influence every aspect of American life. It seemed to Thomas Jefferson and many others that slavery was on its way out, doomed to die a natural death. It was becoming increasingly expensive to keep slaves in the south. Northern and Southern members of Congress voted together to abolish the importation of slaves from overseas in 1808, but the domestic slave trade continued to flourish. The invention of the cotton gin made the cultivation of cotton on large plantations using s...